Abies balsamea - Balsam Firs

Balsam Fir is native in cool, moist lowlands from Canada south into the United States. The species grows at a rate of about 12” per year and is 6’-8’H × 4’W in 10 years and 50’-80’H × 15’-25’W at maturity, but dimensions of the cultivars will vary. It is conical to pyramidal in shape, evenly symmetrical, and its bark, needles, and cones exude a fragrant resin called balsam making it a popular choice for a Christmas tree. The 1” long dark green needles with white bands beneath are whorled around the branches. Purple seed cones, 2” to 4” long, sit upright on the branches and leave a central spike long after the cone has disintegrated. Balsam Fir grows in USDA hardiness zones 3 to 7 or 8 in full sun or partial shade. They do best in moist, slightly acidic, well-draining soil.